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Malus halliana Seed Care & Sowing Guide
Complete Instructions for Pink Crabapple Seed Propagation
Seed Characteristics
- Malus halliana seeds are small, oval-shaped, and dark brown to black in color, with a hard seed coat.
- Seeds require stratification (cold treatment) to break dormancy, mimicking winter conditions in nature.
- Viability: Fresh seeds have a higher germination rate (60-70%), while stored seeds may drop to 30-40% after 1 year.
- Seed size: Approximately 3-5mm in length, lightweight (1000 seeds ≈ 2-3g).
Pre-Sowing Preparation
- Seed Collection/Cleaning: Collect ripe fruits in autumn (October-November). Remove pulp, rinse seeds with water, and dry in a cool, shaded area for 3-5 days.
- Stratification Process:
- Mix seeds with moist sand or peat moss (ratio 1:3) in a sealed plastic bag or container.
- Store in a refrigerator (0-5°C / 32-41°F) for 60-90 days, checking monthly to keep the medium slightly moist (not wet).
- Alternative: Outdoor stratification – bury seeds in a pot with sand, place in a shaded area during winter.
- Soil Preparation: Use well-drained, fertile soil mix (peat moss:perlite:garden soil = 2:1:1) with a pH of 6.0-7.0.
- Containers: Choose seedling trays or small pots with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.
Sowing Steps
Sow after stratification, in early spring (March-April) when temperatures reach 15-20°C (59-68°F).
Spread seeds evenly on the soil surface, then cover with a thin layer (0.5-1cm) of fine soil. Do not bury too deep.
Water gently with a spray bottle to keep soil moist but not soggy. Avoid washing away seeds.
Place trays in a bright, shaded area (avoid direct sunlight) with temperatures 18-22°C (64-72°F). Cover with a plastic film to retain moisture (remove once germination starts).
Post-Germination Care
- Germination Period: 2-4 weeks after sowing, depending on temperature and seed quality.
- Light: Gradually expose seedlings to morning sunlight (2-3 hours/day) after true leaves appear; avoid strong midday sun.
- Watering: Keep soil consistently moist, water when the top 1cm of soil dries out. Use a small watering can to avoid damaging delicate seedlings.
- Thinning: When seedlings reach 5-7cm tall, thin them to 5-8cm apart to ensure adequate growth space.
- Fertilizing: Apply diluted liquid fertilizer (N-P-K 10-10-10) once every 2 weeks from May to July; stop fertilizing in autumn.
- Transplanting: Transplant seedlings to larger pots or outdoor beds in autumn (September-October) when they reach 15-20cm tall.
Important Notes
Do not skip stratification – unstratified seeds will have very low germination rates (less than 10%). If seeds fail to germinate after 6 weeks, check soil moisture and temperature.
- Avoid overwatering, as it can cause seed rot and damping-off disease. Ensure good drainage at all stages.
- Outdoor seedlings need protection from frost in the first winter (cover with frost cloth or move pots to a sheltered area).
- Malus halliana grown from seed may take 3-5 years to bloom, and flower characteristics may vary slightly from the parent plant (due to cross-pollination).
- Pest control: Watch for aphids and spider mites on seedlings; use insecticidal soap or neem oil for organic control.
- Storage: Unstratified seeds can be stored in a cool, dry place (10-15°C / 50-59°F) in an airtight container for up to 1 year.
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